1.If the main verb of the sentence is "to be", simply invert the subject and the verb to be:
Examples:
- They are American. — Are they American?
- They are nice. — Are they nice?
2.If the sentence includes a main verb and another or other helping (auxiliary) verb(s), invert the subject and the (first) helping (auxiliary) verb.
Examples:
- They are visiting Paris. — Are they visiting Paris?
- She has done the housework. — Has she done the housework
- Nancy has been working all night long. — Has Nancy been working all night long?
- He will be reading the book. — Will he be reading the book?
3.If the sentence includes a verb which is not the verb "to be" and doesn't include a helping (auxiliary) verb, the transformation is more complex.
a.If the verb is in the present tense, add either do or does and put the main verb in its base form:
b.If the verb is in the past tense, add did and put the main verb in its base form:
- do if the subject is the first person singular, second person singular, first person plural, second person plural and third person plural (I, you, we, they)
Examples:
I like apples. — Do you like apples?
They go to a high school. — Do the go to a high school?- does if the subject is the third person singular (he, she, it).
Examples:
Nancy reads a lot. — Does Nancy read a lot?
He hates basketball. — Does he hate basketball?
Examples:
- He discovered the truth. — Did he discover the truth?
- She write a nice essay. — Did she write a nice essay?
- They did the homework. — Did they do the homework?
There is an exercise here.
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